What effect does non-linear loads typically have on the electrical system?

Non-linear loads play a significant role in shaping the quality of electrical systems, primarily because they draw current in a non-linear manner, causing distortion in the waveform of the current. The most prominent effect of these non-linear loads is the generation of harmonics.

When the current waveform is distorted due to the operation of non-linear devices, such as computers, LED lighting, and variable frequency drives, it leads to the production of harmonics. These harmonics are integer multiples of the fundamental frequency and can complicate the electrical system by creating additional voltage and current stresses. They can lead to overheating in equipment, inaccurate metering, interference with communication lines, and an overall degradation in the performance of the electrical system.

Understanding the impact of harmonics is crucial, especially in power quality management and the design of electrical systems, to ensure they operate efficiently and reliably.